Transnational+Terrorism

__ LONDON BOMBINGS __ The London bombings were a series of coordinated suicide attacks that happened on the 7th of July. Four bombs were detonated in total and there was a total death toll of 56 people, with about 700 people injured. __ Impact of the bombings __ There was a rapid series of power failures caused by the explosions. Suspicious packages were destroyed immediately by controlled explosions and the security around the area increased to its highest level. Mobile phones and networks were stopped temporarily to prevent any trigger of bombs and emergency calls were prioritized. The whole train service stopped temporarily and people had to walk to reach their destination instead of the train. The value of the British pound decreased and the world economy was affected. __ Response of the bombings __ Continuous reports of the London bombings flashed in the news around the world and movies and drama telecasts were cancelled. Shows that depicted war or violence either had to be changed or postponed to not enrage any viewers and music channels broadcasted somber music for the whole day. The British authorities were blamed and many other sources were blamed for the occurrence of these attacks. Muslims in Europe were terribly harassed due to the terrorists likely to be Muslims as well. Various conspiracy theories arose after the bombings, and the truth of these bombings were largely exaggerated or most likely false. __ Conclusion __ I feel that the bombings could have been prevented if the police had been vigilant enough to spot any suspicious terrorists roaming around the railway stations. It is of no surprise that the authorities were blamed as they were supposed to prevent these type of attacks from occurring.

__ Madrid Bombings __ The Madrid bombings were a series of coordinated attacks against the train system of Madrid on the 11th of March. The death toll rose to 191 and about 1800 people were wounded in the bombings. __ Impact of the bombings __ The Madrid government declared a state of high alert and many street demonstrations arose in Spain and three days after that, the Spain government went down in the general election. Protestors also arose and there was chaos in Spain for quite a while. An intense investigation of the occurrence of these bombings was also carried out. __ Response of the bombings __ The Al-Qaeda was mainly involved in the Madrid bombings and the ETA was also largely involved in the occurrence of the bombings. The bombs were hidden inside backpacks and that the explosives was something similar to C3/C4. A number of unexploded devices were found and in these devices contained mainly dynamite and other explosives. A number of these undetonated explosives les to the arrest of some of the terrorists and therefore some were prosecuted. Some of the suspects were killed in an suicide explosion to not get arrested and die instead. __ Conclusion __ The Al-Qaeda is an Islamic group to be feared and also they have to be found out as soon as possible to prevent any of these attacks to happen again. Although they claim to have “reasons” to carry out these attacks, misinterpretation of their religious views have led them to believe that their attacks are reasonable and not wrong, and the Americans have to be killed. __ Bali Bombings __ The 2002 Bali bombings occurred on the 12th of November and a total of 202 people were killed while 240 other people were injured. Three bombs were detonated in total, with a backpack-mounted device, a car bomb and another small device. __ Impact of the bombings __ The densely populated residential and commercial district was heavily damaged, with nearby buildings being destroyed and windows in several blocks away to shatter. People who were burned by the explosions had to be placed in hotel pools to ease the burns, and others had to go extreme distances to seek help for specialists in burn treatments. The car had left a one-metre deep crater on the road. Hundreds of people suffered burns on several parts of their bodies due to the explosions. __ Response of the bombings __ Some people were awarded for immediately helping out the victims of the explosions. The suspects of the bombings were immediately brought on trial and a large-scale investigation was carried out. The Al-Qaeda was responsible for the attacks, and suspects that were thought to be related to the Al-Qaeda were also immediately arrested and brought on trial. Even though some were prosecuted and sent to prison, some had escaped punishment due to the laws. __ Conclusion __ The Bali bombings was yet another attack from the Al-Qaeda, and just as they had wanted, many of the Australians (white people) were killed in the explosions. However, it is good to see that the people nearby the area were kind to help the injured and also offer temporary shelters for these people.

Lai Jun Hong (26) 4D

Sources : Wikipedia

=**__Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo Subway__**= On March 20 1995, the Tokyo Metro line was attacked in five different areas by a domestic terrorist group known as Aum Shinrikyo. 13 people lost their lives, severly wounding 50 others, while the other victims had temporary vision problems. The terrorists specifically targetted the stations that was the home to the Japanese government at that time. Although the number of casualties were less than that of the Bali Bombings, the attack was considered the most devastating attack on Japan since the end of World War 2.

Emergency services and the media were scorned by the public because of their inability to control the situation. They failed to stop several trains despite the fact that there were injured aboard. The media on the other hand, simply filmed the whole ordeal and refused to transport injured victims even when asked to do so. Hospitals were also short on skill and logistics at that time. It was only thanks to Dr Nobuo Yanagisawa that the information on how to treat the victims was passed on to other hospitals. After the incident, writer Haruki Murakami wrote a book that critiscized the governments handling of the attack.
 * Impact**

It didn't take much effort for the terrorists to carry out the effect, and secondary casualties resulted from it. This showed to the people of Japan that their government was not prepared to deal with this kind of situation. The social impact that the attack had was great, and it would only take a few years for the 9/11 attacks to happen to finally make the Japanese government realize that they had to tighten security to prevent a repeat of this incident.
 * Conclusion**

//**Source: []**// //**Done by:**//
 * Daniel Yeo (20) 4D**
 * Should state in sub-heading economic impact**
 * 8/10**