Impact+made+by+Terrorism

=Madrid Bombing 2004=

__**Introduction**__
The major events surrounding the 2004 Madrid train bombings that killed 191 peoples and injured up to 1,800 others. This is then timeline that I found about during and after the bombing. Between 7.37a.m - 7.39a.m ,ten bombs are detonated on trains arriving at Atocha, Madrid's main train station. Three bomb goes off on a train on the platform. Two more explode on a train leaving El Pozo station, on the way to Madrid. Four bombs explode on a train just outside Atocha station. Finally, a bomb goes off on a train at Santa Eugenia station, a four stops outside of Madrid. On **March 11 2004, t **en backpack bombs explode on four morning rush-hour commuter trains in Madrid, killing 191 people and injuring more than 1,800 others. Hours later, police find a van with detonators and a cassette tape with verses from the Qur'an at a train station through which all of the trains had passed. On **March 12 2004, **Police deactivate a bomb hidden in a backpack found on one train. The mobile phone rigged as a detonator - a system also used in the other devices - is their first big break. On **March 13 2004, ** Police make their first arrests, including a Moroccan-born man who sold the pre-paid cards used in the mobile phone-detonators. Al-Qaida in Europe claims responsibility for the bombings in a video found near a Madrid mosque. In the video, an Arabic-speaking man with his face covered says the bombs were revenge for the Spanish troop presence in Iraq and Afghanistan. On **March 14 2004, **Socialists unseat the ruling conservatives in the scheduled general election. The conservatives had blamed the attacks on the armed Basque separatist group Eta, even as evidence of Islamic involvement emerged. Weeks later, the prime minister, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, withdraws Spanish troops from Iraq. On **March 26 2004, **Police find detonators, traces of dynamite and fingerprints inside a rural cottage where police suspect the bombs were made. On **April 3 2004, **Seven suspects in the bombings blow themselves up as police move in on an apartment outside Madrid. Police describe the men as ringleaders. One suspect escapes but is eventually caught in Serbia. A special forces soldier dies in the blast. On**April 11 2006, **Twenty-nine people are indicted over the attacks: 15 Moroccans, nine Spaniards, two Syrians, one Egyptian, one Algerian and one Lebanese. On **November 6 2006, ** Prosecutors seek jail terms of more than 38,000 years for each of the seven top suspects. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; border-collapse: collapse; color: #333333; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px;">On **<span style="background-repeat: no-repeat; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">February 15 2007, ** The trial starts at a heavily guarded courthouse in Madrid. Over five months of testimony, more than 300 witnesses and 70 experts take the stand. Prosecutors eventually drop charges against one suspect, reducing the total to 28. They also change the sentences sought for several suspects. In the end, they request 38,000-year terms for eight men accused as ringleaders, material participants or key accomplices. The trial ends on July 2. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; border-collapse: collapse; color: #333333; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px;">On **<span style="background-repeat: no-repeat; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">October 31, **Verdicts set to be announced by a three-judge panel at the national court.

__**Economic Impact**__
<span style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #333333; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 16px;">Spain's economy grew 2.8 percent in the first quarter compared to the same period of 2003, and the March 11 terror attack in Madrid appears to have had negligible economic impact in Spain and elsewhere in Europe, the Bank of Spain said Tuesday. <span style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #333333; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 16px;">The growth figure compares to a 2.7 percent increase in the fourth quarter of 2003, and reflects a 3.5 percent rise in domestic demand, the bank said in its quarterly report.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">Terrorists are likely to focus many of their future attacks on world oil supplies and energy infrastructure. **<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">The terrorist attacks that struck in Madrid last week sent a shockwave through global markets and broader economic concerns added to the renewed threat of terrorism are expected to weigh heavily on markets in the following days.

<span style="border-collapse: collapse; color: #333333; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 16px;">By: Wong Wan Xian (4D)

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; border-collapse: collapse; color: #333333; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px;">[Adapted from:<span style="border-collapse: separate; color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">[], [],[],[]

The Economic impact on Bali bombing

² ** The unexpected nightmare ** The 2002 Bali bombings occurred on 12 October 2002 in the tourist district of [|Kuta] on the [|Indonesian] island of [|Bali]. The attack was the deadliest act of [|terrorism] in the [|history of Indonesia], killing 202 people, (including 88 [|Australians] , and 38 Indonesian citizens). A further 240 people were injured

<span style="display: block; line-height: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left; text-indent: 12pt;"> The attack involved the detonation of three bombs a backpack-mounted device carried by a [|suicide bomber] ; a large [|car bomb], both of which were detonated in or near popular nightclubs in Kuta and a third much smaller device detonated outside the United States consulate in [|Denpasar] , causing only minor damage. <span style="display: block; line-height: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left; text-indent: 12pt;"> (Quote from Wikipedia) <span style="display: block; margin-left: 21pt; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left; text-indent: -21pt;"> ² ** Impact on tourism ** <span style="display: block; line-height: 12pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;"> Bali is one of the less-developed regions of Indonesia and is heavily dependent on this one industry to provide jobs for a workforce that is otherwise mostly involved in semi-subsistence agriculture. Bali accounts for about 40 per cent of Indonesia's earnings from tourism. Tourist numbers to Indonesia slumped badly after the bombing in 2002.Bali was one of the most popular places for the foreign tourists,it attracted 1.35 million foreign tourists in 2001, the income in tourism of Indonesia reached 5.8 billion US dollar.However,after the bombing in Bali,most of the tourists who planned to visit Bali had cancelled their travel plans to Bali or other southeast countries. The bombing in Bali influenced the tourism in Indonesia and Southeast Asia miserably. <span style="display: block; margin-left: 21pt; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left; text-indent: -21pt;"> ² ** Impact on stock market ** <span style="display: block; line-height: 12pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.0; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left; text-indent: 12pt;"> Stock markets across the globe have fallen in the consequence of the massive bomb blast on Bali .Markets in Europe all lost ground when they opened and stayed down during the trading day, The German market losing over 2% and the French about 1%. Indonesia's share index took the full-impact of the blast, losing more than 10% to close at a four-year low of 337.5 points. Japan and Hong Kong were both closed for national holidays. The Malaysia stock market closed down 1%, and in Thailand, the central bank moved to quell rumors that it had been forced to prop up the currency. In the Philippines, the peso hit a 14-month low, and the head of the Manila Stock Exchange warned that shares could fall another 6-7% as a result. <span style="display: block; margin-left: 21pt; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left; text-indent: -21pt;"> ² ** Striking on foreign exchange rate ** <span style="display: block; line-height: 12pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-align: left;"> The foreign exchange rate had also strike the foreign exchange rate towards the Asia currency. Indonesia rupiah exchange rate had fallen to (US)$1:(IDR )$9236 and (US)$1:(IDR)9400 on the following day .Beside this Thai Baht ,Singapore dollar and new Taiwan currency were equally effected ,SGD has hit the lowest exchange rate throughout the 18 weeks.

Done By: Zeng Shiru (4D) & Lin hanhui (4D)

9/10